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sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5019, rev - ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 1 spdpxxd270 series dc solid state power controller module description: these solid state power controlle r (sspc) modules are designed to operate without any heatsink requirements. they are microcontroller-based solid st ate relays rated up to 10a designed to be used in high reliability 270v dc applications. these modules have in tegrated current sensing with no derating over the full operating temperature range. these modules are the el ectronic equivalent to electromechanical circuit breakers with isolated control and status. this series is supplied in 2 sspc families, with each family being programmable over a 30% to 100% current range: SPDP03D270: programmable from 0.9a to 3a spdp10d270: programmable from 3a to 10a this series also allows programming the instant trip level from 400% to 800% of maximum rating. battle override option: spdpxxd270-b mil-std-1760 trip curve option: spdpxxd270-m compliant documents & standards: mil-std-704f aircraft electrical power characteristics, 12 march 2004 mil-std-217f, notice 2 reliability prediction of electronic equipment, 28 feb 1995 module features: ? no additional heat sinking or external cooling required! ? extremely low power, no derating over the full temperature range ? low weight (40 gms) ? epoxy shell construction ? solid state reliability ? high power density electrical features (spdpxxd270 series): ? 270vdc input with very low voltage dr op; 220mv, typ. @ 10a for spdp10d270 ? true i 2 t protection up to 8x rating with nuisance trip suppression ? i 2 t protection level externally programmable to 30% of the maximum rating ? instant trip protection level externally pr ogrammable from 400% to 800% of maximum rating ? reports loss of line voltage ? reports over temperature condition and turns off during this condition ? output leakage sink for safe output voltage when spdpxxd270 turned off ? no trip operation upto 220f of output capacitance ? instant trip protection (40 sec typ) for loads above programmed instant trip level ? unlimited interrupt capability; repetitive fault handling capability ? thermal memory ? internally generated isolated supply to drive the switch ? low bias supply current: 15 ma typ @ 5v dc ? high control circuit isolation: 750v dc control to power circuit ? soft turn-on to reduce emc issues ? emi tolerant ? module reset with a low level signal; reset circuit is trip-free ? ttl/cmos compatible, optically isolated, input and outputs ? schmitt-trigger control input for noise immunity
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5019, rev - ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 2 spdpxxd270 series table 1 - electrical characteristics (at 25 o c and v bias = 5.0v dc unless otherwise specified) power input voltage ? continuous ? transient 0 to 300v dc, 500v dc absolute maximum +600v or ?600v spike (< 10 us) power dissipation see table 4 current see table 4 see figure 1, trip curve max voltage drop see table 4 trip level 110% of rating trip time see figure 1, trip curve output rise time (turn on) 600 sec typ output fall time under normal turn-off 100 usec typ output fall time under fault 50 usec typ min load requirement nil protection short circuit protection unlimited instant trip 400% - 800%, programmable table 2 - physical characteristics temperature operating temperature t a = -55 c to +125 c storage temperature t a = -55 c to +125 c environmental altitude up to 30,000 ft can be installed in an unpressurized area case dimensions 2.50?l x 1.00?w x 0.50?h operating orientation any weight 40 gms mtbf (estimate: mil std 217f) 400,000 hrs at 25 c full load control & status (ttl/cmos compatible) bias (vcc) 5.0v dc nominal, 7.0v dc absolute maximum 4.5v to 5.5 vdc bias (vcc) current 15 ma typ 25 ma max s1 and s2 status signals v oh =3.7v, min, at i oh =-20ma v ol =0.4v, max, at i ol =20ma control signal v t+ (positive-going input threshold voltage) v t ? (negative-going input threshold voltage) ? v t hysteresis (v t + v t ? ) 2.0v, min, 3.5v, max 1.2v, min, 2.3v, max 0.6v, min, 1.4v, max reset cycle control signal
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5019, rev - ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 3 spdpxxd270 series figure 1 - trip curve table 3 - signal timing ? (-55 o c to 100 o c @ line = 270v dc) parameter min max units turn on delay 0.05 1 ms load current rise time 0.05 1 ms turn off delay 0.05 1 ms load current fall time 50 200 s note: current fall time from trip dependent on magnitude of overload
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5019, rev - ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 4 spdpxxd270 series figure 2 - mechanical dimensions and pin assignments all dimensions are in inches table 4 ? individual power dissipation data (includes vbias power) spdp3d270 spdp3d270 set for 0.9 amp rating spdp3d270 set for 3 amp rating current rating @ 125 o c 0.9a 3a power dissipation 0.10w typ @ 0.6a 25 o c 0.19w max @ 0.9a 25 o c 0.25w max @ 0.9a 125 o c 0.32w typ @ 1.8a 25 o c 0.91w max @ 3a 25 o c 1.60w max @ 3a 125 o c max voltage drop 44mv typ @ 0.6a 25 o c 77mv max @ 0.9a 25 o c 140mv max @ 0.9a 125 o c 135mv typ @ 1.8a 25 o c 260mv max @ 3a 25 o c 490mv max @ 3a 125 o c spdp10d270 spdp10d270 set for 3 amp rating spdp10d270 set for 10 amp rating current rating @ 125 o c 3a 10a power dissipation 0.15w typ @ 1.8a 25 o c 0.34w max @ 3a 25 o c 0.50w max @ 3a 125 o c 0.83w typ @ 6a 25 o c 2.83w max @ 10a 25 o c 4.88w max @ 10a 125 o c max voltage drop 40mv typ @ 1.8a 25 o c 70mv max @3a 25 o c 125mv max @ 3a 125 o c 125mv typ @ 6a 25 o c 270mv max @ 10a 25 o c 475mv max @ 10a 125 o c
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5019, rev - ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 5 spdpxxd270 series figure 3 - electrical block diagram description figure 3 shows the block diagram of t he spdpxxd270 sspc series. it uses a sn74lvc3g14 device for digital i/o. this ttl compatible device has a schmitt-trig ger input to minimize the effects of noise on the input. its outputs can each drive more than 10 standard ttl l oads. it?s also compatible with cmos inputs and outputs. the sn74lvc3g14 is isolated from the remainde r of the module circuitry by three optocouplers. the block labeled ?control & protection circuitry? gets power from the dc-d c converter and is referenced to the output of the sspc . this block contains an amplifier to gain up the voltage developed across the sense resistor. it also contains a microcontroller with on-b oard timers, a/d converter, clock generator and independent watchdog timer. the microcontroller implements a precision i 2 t protection curve as well as an instant trip function to protect the wiring and to protect itself. it perfo rms all of the functions of multiple analog comparators and discrete logic in one high-reliability component. the code programmed in the microcontroller acquires the output of the internal a/d converter, squares the result and applies it to a simulated rc circuit. it checks the output of the simulated circuit to determine whether or not to trip (turn off the power mosfets). beca use the microcontroller simulates an analog rc circuit, the sspc has ?thermal memory?. that is, it trips faster if there ha d been current flowing prio r to the over load than if there hadn?t been current flowing. this behavior imitat es thermal circuit breakers and better protects the application?s wiring since the wiring cannot take as mu ch an overload if current had been flowing prior to the overload.
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5019, rev - ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 6 spdpxxd270 series the watchdog timer operates from its own internal clock so a failure of the main clock will not stop the watchdog timer. the code programmed in the microcontroller will periodically reset the watchdog timer preventing it from timing out. if the code malfunctions for any reason, the watchdog timer is not reset and it times out. when the watchdog timer times out, it resets the microcontroller. since the code is designed to detect levels and not edges, the output of the module, and therefore the output of the spdpxxd270 , immediately reflects the command on its input. the ?control & protection circuitry? block also has the abilit y for the user to adjust the current ra ting by varying the trip point with a resistor between the ?i 2 t adj? pin and the ?trim common? pin and to adjust the instant trip current level with a resistor between the ?insta nt trip adj? pin and the ?trim common? pin. see figures 4 and 5 to select the appropriate resistor for adjusting the current rating for the spdp3d270 and spdp10d270 models, respectively. see figures 6 and 7 to select the appropriate resistor for adjusting the instant trip current level for the spdp3d270 and spdp10d270 models, respectively. when setting the current rating, select a resistor accord ing to figures 4 and 5 for 10% above the desired rating. example: to set the spdp3d270 to a rating of 2 amps, lo ok on figure 4 for 2.2 amps and select a resistor of 2.7k. figure 4 ? SPDP03D270 current rating trim resistor selection
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5019, rev - ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 7 spdpxxd270 series figure 5 ? spdp10d270 current rating trim resistor selection figure 6 ? SPDP03D270 instant trip trim resistor selection
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5019, rev - ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 8 spdpxxd270 series figure 7 ? spdp10d270 instant trip trim resistor selection the power mosfets used in the spdpxxd270 series have been selected for very low r ds(on) and result in low voltage drop and low po wer dissipation. in most applications, the spdpxxd27 0 will be operated at 50 ? 60% of rated current to provide a safety margin. as can be seen in table 4, when the spdp10d270 is operated at 6 amps, 60% of rated current, it dissipates less than 1.0 watt at room temperature. no heatsinking is required for this condition. however, if the spdp10d270 is to be operated at maximum rating and/or at elevated temperatures, the dissipation can exceed 4 watts and heatsinking is required. some heatsink can be accomplished by adding copper area to the ?line? and ?load? pins, a heatsink can be epoxy attached to the surface of the module or a flat copper or aluminum heatsink can be sandwic hed between the spdp10d270 and the printed circuit board using a thermal pad to maximize heat transfer. each application should be evaluated at maximum expected constant current. the spdp3d270 series does not require heat sinking under any condition. for overloads, no heatsinking is requir ed provided the spdpxxd270 se ries is allowed some time to cool down. the spdpxxd270 has sufficient therma l mass that the temperature will rise only a few degrees under the worst-case overload. repetitive ov erloads should be avoided. when t he spdpxxd270 reports a trip condition, the controller driving t he spdpxxd270 should allow no mo re than four repetitions a nd then allow thirty seconds to cool down before trying to turn on again. the spdpxxd270 will trip on overloads in the always trip region shown in figure 1 and will never trip when in the never trip region. the spd pxxd270 can be reset by bringing th e control pin to a logic low. when the ?control? pin is brought back to logic high, the spdpxxd270 will turn back on. if the overload is still present, the spdpxxd270 will trip again. cycling the ?5 volt bias? power will al so reset the spdpxxd270. if the ?control? pin is at logic high when the ?5 volt bias? power is cycled, the spdpxxd270 will turn back on when the ?5 volt bias? power is re-applied.
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5019, rev - ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 9 spdpxxd270 series status outputs the ?s1? and ?s2? st atus outputs of the spdpxxd270 show whether or not t here is an over temperature condition and whether or not the line voltage is present. when an unsafe temperature condition is present, the ?s2? status goes to a logic high st ate and the output of the spdpxxd270 is turned off. when the temperature drops about 15 o c to a safe condition, the ?s2? status output goes back low and the output of the spdpxxd270 is turned back on. both ?s1? and ?s2? status output s go to a high level when the line voltage drops below 5 volts. table 5 shows the states of the ?s1? and ?s2? status outputs. table 5 ? control and status . high voltage considerations the spdpxxd270 series is designed for 270vdc system s. the spdpxxd270 contains an output leakage sink to ensure that the output is at a safe voltage when the spdpxxd270 is off (w hether the spdpxxd270 is turned off or is off due to loss of 5v bias power). this circuitry absorbs the leakage current from the main switch and keeps the output voltage less than 1.5vdc ov er the temperature range. figure 3 shows the output leakage sink as a simple switch. however, the outp ut leakage sink is a transistor operating as a current source with a value of 83 ma. when the current into t he output leakage sink is less than 83 ma, the transistor saturates and the output leakage sink looks like a resist or of about 16 ohms. 83 ma can be used to determine how long it takes to discharge a particular load capacitanc e if the load is a pure capacitance. if the load is a combination of resistance and capacitance, it?s likely t hat the rc time constant will discharge the capacitance faster than the output leakage sink . sufficient spacing should be allowed for on the us er?s pcb between the 270vdc line supply and the 270vdc power return and between the control and 5vdc bias ci rcuits and the 270vdc circuit to prevent arcing. due to the small size of the spdpxxd270 series, the spacing between pins is small so conformal coating should be used to prevent arcing, especially if transient voltages above 270vdc are possible. wire size mil-w-5088l has a chart the shows wire size as a functi on of wire temperature and current. this chart is for a single copper wire in free air. for an ambient temperature of 70 o c, the chart allows a 24-gauge wire to handle 10 amps continuously at a wire temperature of 200 o c ? a wire temperature rise of 130 o c. for a wire temperature limited to 150 o c, the chart requires a 22-gauge wire and for a wire temperature of 105 o c, the chart requires a 20-gauge wire.
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5019, rev - ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 10 spdpxxd270 series amendment 1 of mil-w-5088l has a table for copper wire in a bundle, group or harness with condition on the number of wires, percent of total harness capacity, etc. this table shows that an 18 gauge wire is necessary for 200 o c operation, 16-gauge for 150 o c and 14-gauge for 105 o c. mil-w-5088l has various figures showing derating for harne sses as a function of the number of current carrying conductors for different altitudes. mil-w-5088l only specifies wire for dc or rms ac conditions, not for transient or overload conditions. mil-w-5088l and its amendment should be consulted to determine minimum wire sizes for other currents and conditions. for transient or overload conditions, the transient or ov erload happens so quickly that heat is not transferred from the wire to the surrounding s. the heat caused by the i 2 r heating of the wire causes the temperature to rise at a linear rate controlled by the heat capacity of the wire. the equation for this linear rise in temperature, with respect to time, can be solved as: i 2 t = constant. every wire has an i 2 t rating that?s dependent on the temperature rise allowed and the diameter of the wire. if the i 2 t rating of the sspc or circuit breaker is less than the i 2 t rating of the wire, then the sspc or circuit breaker can protect the wire. the maximum i 2 t rating for the spdxxd270 is 130 amp 2 -seconds. every wire size in the paragraphs above has an i 2 t rating that exceeds the spdpxxd270 i 2 t rating for the temperature rises st ated. therefore, to select a wire size, it?s simply a matter of determining the maximum temperature rise of the applicatio n and deciding whether or not the wire will be in a bundle and use the information above. application connections due to the presence of the circuitry that keeps the output at safe voltage when the spdpxxd270 series are off, the spdpxxd270 series may only be configured as a high-side switch as shown in figure 3. rise time & fall time the rise and fall times of the spdpxxd270 are pre-set at the factory for a nominal 600s rise time and 100s fall time with a line supply of 270vdc (see table 1 for mi n/max limits). the rise and fall times will vary linearly with supply voltage. the ?pwr rtn? pin is used to contro l the rise and fall times. if the ?pwr rtn? pin is left open, the rise and fall times will be less than 25us. leaving the ?pwr rtn? pin open can be useful when a faster rise or fall time is desirable; however, the outp ut leakage sink will not be functional with the ?pwr rtn? pin open. with the ?pwr rtn? pin connected as in figures 3, the spdpxxd270, when set for a 10 amp rating, can turn on into a capacitive load of 220f, typ, without tripping for any power supply voltage within the ratings. the capacitive load capability is proportional to current ra ting and can be therefore easily calculated for each model and setting in the spdpxxd270 series. wiring and load inductance wiring inductance can cause voltage transients when t he spdpxxd270 is switched off due to an overload. generally, these transients are small but must be consi dered when long wires are used on either the ?line? or ?load? pins or both. a 30 foot length of wire in free air will cause a transient voltage of about 10 volts when the spdp10d270 trips at an instant trip level of 80 amps . at the rated load current of 10 amps, the voltage transient will be less than 1 volt. if longer wire lengths are used, a transient suppressor may be used at the ?line? pin so that the total voltage between the ?line? and ?load? pins is less than 500 volts. the spdpxxd270v series includes a reverse biased diode from the ?load? to ?pwr rtn? pins to prevent damaging transients on the output due to inductive loads.
sensitron semiconductor technical data datasheet 5019, rev - ? 221 west industry court deer park, ny 11729-4681 phone (631) 586 7600 fax (631) 242 9798 ? ? world wide web - h ttp://www.sensitron.com ? e-mail address - sales@sensitron.com ? page 11 spdpxxd270 series paralleling for example, putting two spdp10d270s in parallel will not double the rating to 20 amps. due to differences in the r ds(on) of the power mosfets in the sspcs, the current w ill not share equally. in addition, there are unit-to- unit differences in the trip curves so that two spdp10d270s in parallel may possibly trip at 15 amps. also, both spdp10d270s will not trip together; t he spdp10d270 carrying the higher current will trip first followed by the other spdp10d270. multiple spdp10d270s may be used in parallel as long as these complexities are appreciated. due not parallel different models of this series as the current sharing will not be predictable. board layout the current-carrying power circuit should be kept well away from the control circuit and other low-level circuits in the system. it?s unlikely, but possible, that magnetic coupling could affe ct the control circuit when turning normal loads on and off. however, in the case of an overload, the magnetic co upling could be 10 times greater than with normal loads. effect s of such coupling could ca use ?chattering? when turning on and off, oscillation, and the possibility of turning the spdpxxd270 back on after an overload. the spdpxxd270 series is a trip-free device. once tripped it will not turn back on until reset and commanded on again. reset is accomplished by bringing the ?control? pin low and turning the sspc back on is acco mplished by bringing the ?control? pin high. sufficient magnetic coupling between the cu rrent-carrying power circuit and the control circuit can negate the trip-free characteristic. mil-std-704f this standard covers the c haracteristics of the electrical systems in military aircraft. th e spdpxxd270 series meets all of the requirements of mil-std-704f including normal, emergency, abnormal and electric starting conditions with the ripple, distortion factor and distortion spectrum defined in the standard. in addition, the spdpxxd270 series can withstand + 600 v spikes for 10s. this capability is beyond that required by mil-std-704f. disclaimer: 1- the information given herein, including the specifications and dimens ions, is subject to change wi thout prior notice to impr ove product characteristics. before ordering, purchas ers are advised to contact the sensitron semiconductor sales department for the latest version of the datasheet(s). 2- in cases where extremely high reliabilit y is required (such as use in nuclear power control, aerospace and aviation, traffic equipment, medical equipment , and safety equipment) , safety shoul d be ensured by using semiconduc tor devices that feature assured safety or by m eans of users? fail-safe precautions or other arrangement . 3- in no event shall sensitron semiconductor be liable for any damages that may result from an accident or any other cause duri ng operation of the user?s units according to the datas heet(s). sensitron semiconductor assumes no responsibility for any intellectual property claims or any other problems that may result from applications of info rmation, products or circuits described in the datasheets. 4- in no event shall sensitron semiconducto r be liable for any failure in a semiconductor device or any secondary damage result ing from use at a value exceeding the absolute maximum rating. 5- no license is granted by the datasheet(s ) under any patents or other rights of any third party or sensitron semiconductor. 6- the datasheet(s) may not be reproduced or duplicated, in any form , in whole or part, without the expressed written permissio n of sensitron semiconductor. 7- the products (technologies) de scribed in the datasheet(s) are not to be provi ded to any party whose purpose in their applica tion will hinder maintenance of international peace and safety nor are they to be ap plied to that purpose by their direct purchasers or any thir d party. when exporting these products (technolog ies), the necessary procedures are to be taken in accordance with related laws and regulatio ns.

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